JOINT DECLARATION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE QUESTION OF HONG KONG ——附加英文版
the Government of the People's Republic of China，Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
JOINT DECLARATION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE QUESTION OF HONG KONG
WHOLE DOCUMENT
Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland
the Government of the People's Republic of China have reviewed
with
sfaction the friendly relations existing between the two
Governments
peoples in recent years and agreed that a proper negotiated
settlement
he question of Hong Kong, which is left over from the past, is
con-
ve to the maintenance of the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong
and
he further strengthening and development of the relations between
the
countries on a new basis. To this end, they have, after talks
between
delegations of the two Governments, agreed to declare as follows:
he Government of the People's Republic of China declares
that to
ver the Hong Kong area (including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and
the
Territories, hereinafter referred to as Hong Kong) is the
common
ration of the entire Chinese people, and that it has decided to
resume
exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from 1 July
1997.
he Government of the United Kingdom declares that it will restore
Hong
to the People's Republic of China with effect from 1 July 1997.
he Government of the People's Republic of China declares
that the
c policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Hong Kong
are
ollows:
Upholding national unity and territorial integrity and taking
account
he history of Hong Kong and its realities, the People's
Republic of
a has decided to establish, in accordance with the
provisions of
cle 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, a
Hong
Special Administrative Region upon resuming the
exercise of
reignty over Hong Kong.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will be directly
under the
ority of the Central People's Government of the People's
Republic of
a. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will enjoy
a high
ee of autonomy, except in foreign and defence affairs which are
the
onsibilities of the Central People's Government.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will be
vested with
utive, legislative and independent judicial power, including
that of
l adjudication. The laws currently in force in Hong Kong will
remain
cally unchanged.
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
will be
osed of local inhabitants. The chief executive will be
appointed by
Central People's Government on the basis of the results of
elections
onsultations to be held locally. Principal officials will be
nominated
he chief executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
for
intment by the Central People's Government. Chinese and
foreign
onals previously working in the public and police services
in the
rnment departments of Hong Kong may remain in employment. British
and
r foreign nationals may also be employed to serve as advisers or
hold
ain public posts in government departments of the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region.
The current social and economic systems in Hong Kong will
remain
anged, and so will the life-style. Rights and freedoms,
including
e of the person, of speech, of the press, of assembly, of
association,
ravel, of movement, of correspondence, of strike, of
choice of
pation, of academic research and of religious belief will be
ensured
aw in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Private
property,
rship of enterprises, legitimate right of inheritance and
foreign
stment will be protected by law.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will retain the
status of
ee port and a separate customs territory.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will retain the
status of
nternational financial centre, and its markets for foreign
exchange,
, securities and futures will continue. There will be free
flow of
tal. The Hong Kong dollar will continue to circulate and remain
freely
ertible.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will have
independent
nces. The Central People's Government will not levy taxes on the
Hong
Special Administrative Region.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may establish
mutually
ficial economic relations with the United Kingdom and other
countries,
e economic interests in Hong Kong will be given due regard.
Using the name of "Hong Kong, China", the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region may on its own maintain and develop
economic and
ural relations and conclude relevant agreements with states,
regions
relevant international organizations. The Government of the
Hong Kong
ial Administrative Region may on its own issue travel
documents for
y into and exit from Hong Kong.
The maintenance of public order in the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region will be the responsibility of the Government
of the
Kong Special Administrative Region.
The above-stated basic policies of the People's Republic of
China
rding Hong Kong and the elaboration of them in Annex I to this
Joint
aration will be stipulated, in a Basic Law of the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region of the People's Republic of China, by the
National
le's Congress of the People's Republic of China, and they will
remain
anged for 50 years.
he Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the
People's
blic of China declare that, during the transitional period
between the
of the entry into force of this Joint Declaration and 30 June
1997,
Government of the United Kingdom will be responsible
for the
nistration of Hong Kong with the object of maintaining and
preserving
economic prosperity and social stability; and that the
Government of
People's Republic of China will give its cooperation
in this
ection.
he Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the
People's
blic of China declare that, in order to ensure a smooth
transfer of
rnment in 1997, and with a view to the effective
implementation of
Joint Declaration, a Sino-British Joint Liaison Group will be set
up
this Joint Declaration enters into force; and that it
will be
blished and will function in accordance with the provisions of
Annex
o this Joint Declaration.
he Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the
People's
blic of China declare that land leases in Hong Kong and other
related
ers will be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Annex
III
his Joint Declaration.
he Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the
People's
blic of China agree to implement the preceding declarations
and the
xes to this Joint Declaration.
his Joint Declaration is subject to ratification and shall enter
into
e on the date of the exchange of instruments of ratification,
which
l take place in Beijing before 30 June 1985. This Joint
Declaration
its Annexes shall be equally binding. Done in duplicate at
Beijing on
ecember 1984 in the English and Chinese languages, both texts
being
lly authentic.
the For the
rnment of the United Kingdom Government of the
reat Britain and Northern Ireland People's Republic of China
rate Thatcher Zhao Ziyang
ANNEX I: ELABORATION BY THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
CHINA OF ITS BASIC POLICIES REGARDING HONG KONG
Government of the People's Republic of China elaborates the
basic
cies of the People's Republic of China regarding Hong Kong as set
out
aragraph 3 of the Joint Declaration of the Government of the
United
dom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of
the
le's Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong as follows:
Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulates in
Article
hat "the state may establish special administrative
regions when
ssary. The systems to be instituted in special administrative
regions
l be prescribed by laws enacted by the National People's
Congress in
light of the specific conditions." In accordance with this
Article,
People's Republic of China shall, upon the resumption of the
exercise
overeignty over Hong Kong on 1 July 1997, establish the Hong
Kong
ial Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China.
The
onal People's Congress of the People's Republic of China shall
enact
promulgate a Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
he People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the
Basic
in accordance with the Constitution of the People's
Republic of
a, stipulating that after the establishment of the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region the socialist system and socialist policies
shall
be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and
that
Kong's previous capitalist system and life-style shall
remain
anged for 50 years.
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be directly
under the
ority of the Central People's Government of the People's
Republic of
a and shall enjoy a high degree of autonomy. Except for foreign
and
nce affairs which are the responsibilities of the Central
People's
rnment, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be
vested
executive, legislative and independent judicial power, including
that
inal adjudication. The Central People's Government shall
authorise the
Kong Special Administrative Region to conduct on its own
those
rnal affairs specified in Section XI of this Annex.
government and legislature of the Hong Kong Special
Administrative
on shall be composed of local inhabitants. The chief executive
of the
Kong Special Administrative Region shall be selected by
election or
ugh consultations held locally and be appointed by the
Central
le's Government. Principal officials (equivalent to Secretaries)
shall
nominated by the chief executive of the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region and appointed by the Central People's
Government.
legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
shall be
tituted by elections. The executive authorities shall abide by
the law
shall be accountable to the legislature.
ddition to Chinese, English may also be used in organs of
government
in the courts in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
t from displaying the national flag and national emblem
of the
le's Republic of China, the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
use a regional flag and emblem of its own.
r the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region,
laws previously in force in Hong Kong (i. e. the common law, rules
of
ty, ordinances, subordinate legislation and customary law)
shall be
tained, save for any that contravene the Basic Law and subject
to any
dment by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region legislature.
The
slative power of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
shall be
ed in the Legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region.
legislature may on its own authority enact laws in accordance with
the
isions of the Basic Law and legal procedures, and report them to
the
ding Committee of the National People's Congress for the record.
Laws
ted by the legislature which are in accordance with the Basic Law
and
l procedures shall be regarded as valid.
laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be the
Basic
and the laws previously in force in Hong Kong and laws enacted
by the
Kong Special Administrative Region legislature as above.
r the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region,
judicial system previously practised in Hong Kong shall be
maintained
pt for those changes consequent upon the vesting in the courts
of the
Kong Special Administrative Region of the power of
final
dication.
cial power in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
shall be
ed in the courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
The
ts shall exercise judicial power independently and free
from any
rference. Members of the judiciary shall be immune from legal
action
espect of their judicial functions. The courts shall decide
cases in
rdance with the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
may refer to precedents in other common law jurisdictions.
Judges of
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region courts shall be
appointed by
chief executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
acting
accordance with the recommendation of an independent
commission
osed of local judges, persons from the legal profession and
other
ent persons. Judges shall be chosen by reference to their
judicial
ities and may be recruited from other common law
jurisdictions. A
e may only be removed for inability to discharge the functions
of his
ce, or for misbehaviour, by the chief executive of the
Hong Kong
ial Administrative Region acting in accordance with the
recommendation
tribunal appointed by the chief judge of the court of final
appeal,
isting of not fewer than three local judges.
Additionally, the
intment or removal of principal judges (i. e. those of the
highest
) shall be made by the chief executive with the endorsement of
the
Kong Special Administrative Region legislature and reported
to the
ding Committee of the National People's Congress for the record.
The
em of appointment and removal of judicial officers other than
judges
l be maintained.
power of final judgment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
l be vested in the court of final appeal in the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region, which may as required invite judges from
other
on law jurisdictions to sit on the court of final appeal.
osecuting authority of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
l control criminal prosecutions free from any interference.
he basis of the system previously operating in Hong Kong, the
Hong
Special Administrative Region Government shall on its
own make
ision for local lawyers and lawyers from outside the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region to work and practise in the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region.
Central People's Government shall assist or authorise the Hong
Kong
ial Administrative Region Government to make appropriate
arrangements
reciprocal juridical assistance with foreign states.
r the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region,
ic servants previously serving in Hong Kong in all
government
rtment, including the police department, and members of the
judiciary
all remain in employment and continue their service
with pay,
wances, benefits and conditions of service no less
favourable than
re. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government
shall pay
uch persons who retire or complete their contracts, as well
as to
e who have retired before 1 July 1997, or to their dependants,
all
ions, gratuities, allowances and benefits due to them on terms
no less
urable than before, and irrespective of their nationality or
place of
dence.
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government may employ
British
other foreign nationals previously serving in the public
service in
Kong, and may recruit British and other foreign nationals
holding
anent identity cards of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region to
e as public servants at all levels, except as heads
of major
rnment departments (corresponding to branches or
departments at
etary level) including the police department, and as deputy
heads of
of those departments. The Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region
rnment may also employ British and other foreign nationals as
advisers
overnment departments and, when there is a need, may recruit
qualified
idates from outside the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region to
essional and technical posts in government departments,
The above
l be employed only in their individual capacities and, like
other
ic servants, shall be responsible to the Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region Government.
appointment and promotion of public servants shall be on the basis
of
ifications, experience and ability. Hong Kong's previous
system of
uitment, employment, assessment, discipline, training and
management
the public service (including special bodies for appointment, pay
and
itions of service) shall, save for any provisions providing
privileged
tment for foreign nationals, be maintained.
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall deal on its own
with
ncial matters, including disposing of its financial
resources and
ing up its budgets and its final accounts. The Hong Kong
Special
nistrative Region shall report its budgets and final accounts to
the
ral People's Government for the record. The Central
People's
rnment shall not levy taxes on the Hong Kong Special
Administrative
on. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall
use its
ncial revenues exclusively for its own purposes and they shall
not be
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国家质量监督检验检疫总局关于实施进口植物种苗指定入境口岸措施有关事项的通知
国家质量监督检验检疫总局
国家质量监督检验检疫总局关于实施进口植物种苗指定入境口岸措施有关事项的通知
国质检动函〔2010〕146号
各直属检验检疫局：
为有效防范外来有害生物随进口植物种苗传入扩散，保护我国农林业生产与生态环境安全，参照国际通行做法，经与农业、林业部门协商，2009年总局发布了《关于进口植物种苗指定入境口岸措施的公告》（2009年第133号），自2010年4月1日起正式实施。现就实施进口植物种苗指定入境口岸措施有关事项通知如下：
一、推行进口植物种苗指定入境口岸措施是今年总局重点工作之一，是防范外来有害生物传入的重要措施。请各局务必高度重视，加强组织领导，遵照公告规定，认真贯彻实施。
二、自2010年4月1日起，进境植物种苗一律从总局公布的指定口岸入境，其他口岸检验检疫机构不得受理进境植物种苗检疫审批、备案、报检。各局应主动向相关企业推荐就近指定口岸进口植物种苗，并做好宣传与解释工作。
三、各局要按照有关规定和要求，加强进境植物种苗检验检疫和后续监管工作。
（一）严格检疫审批及备案。各局应指导相关企业和单位按照指定口岸名称，准确填写进口植物种苗及栽培介质检疫审批申请，并要求进口企业至少在植物种苗进境前10天，按规定办理检疫审批单备案手续。
（二）加强口岸检疫及处理。各局要加强进境植物种苗现场查验、实验室检测，不断提高疫情检出率，并依法采取退运、销毁、有效除害处理等措施。
（三）强化后续监管。各局要结合进境植物种苗风险特点，制定隔离等后续检疫监管工作方案，加强疫情监测与防控。需要隔离检疫的，首先要对相应隔离圃进行考核认可。针对隔离种植的，口岸所在地直属局应与隔离种植地直属局加强沟通和配合，严格落实准调入函制度，及时通报交流口岸查验、实验室检测及后续监管等情况，共同采取措施防范外来有害生物传入扩散。
（四）加强能力建设。各局要会同相关方面，进一步优化进境种苗指定口岸查验现场、除害处理设施、隔离条件，不断提高检测、鉴定及除害处理技术水平，并积极参与相关技术培训、能力验证测试等活动。
四、总局对指定入境口岸实施动态调整，具体措施如下：
（一）对有贸易需求、且认为达到进口植物种苗指定入境口岸条件和专业技术要求（见附件），各局可在每年7月1日前向总局推荐进境种苗指定口岸。总局将组织专家集中考核评估，符合条件的增加到指定入境口岸名单中。
（二）总局将对指定口岸进口种苗检验检疫工作进行考核，建立与完善工作质量举报、通报制度。指定口岸出现设施条件及检验检疫资源配置弱化、检出率低、工作质量不达标等问题，总局将视情况暂停或取消其进口植物种苗指定入境口岸资格。
五、2010年4月1日前已获得进境植物检疫审批许可，且确需从未被指定口岸入境的植物种苗，经有关局制订严格检验检疫工作方案，并报总局批准同意后，可作为过渡措施安排进口。
六、各局要加强对辖区内指定口岸进境植物种苗检验检疫工作的监督与检查。每年1月10日、7月10日前，要向总局报告指定口岸进口植物种苗检验检疫情况及分析报告，重大情况要及时报告。
联系方式：总局动植司植检处
电话：82261664、1907 传真：82260157
Email：zhijc@aqsiq.gov.cn
二〇一〇年三月二十五日
附件：
进口植物种苗指定入境口岸条件和专业技术要求
一、现场查验人员及场所
1. 人员：口岸检验检疫机构配备有与日常进口业务量相适应的植检专业人员，至少3名。
专业人员应具备植物保护、森林保护等植物检疫相关专业全日制本科以上学历，且有3年以上植物检验检疫工作经验。
专业人员熟悉进境种苗检疫法规和相关标准，掌握进境种苗现场检疫操作规程。
2. 场地设施：查验场地固定，光线充足，具有能满足进境种苗现场检查的查验设施和取样设备。应安装电子视频监控系统，可对查验的整个过程进行录像。
具备固定的除害处理场地、处理设施，口岸检验检疫机构配有常用的药剂、器械及其贮藏场所，具有检验检疫机构认可资质的熏蒸队伍。
二、植物检疫实验室
指定口岸所在地检验检疫机构，应具备或依托具有一定条件的专业植物检疫实验室。实验室与查验场地距离应不超过1.5小时车程。
1. 实验室资质：从事种苗检测的实验室应通过国家认监委CNAS认可评审，配备相应的仪器、设备。
具备开展昆虫、真菌、病毒、细菌、线虫、杂草等检测业务的资格，具有对真菌、病毒和细菌等开展分子生物检测的能力，通过认证的有害生物检测鉴定项目可以满足进口植物种苗相应检测鉴定要求。
2. 检测鉴定人员：应配备与承担检测鉴定业务相适应的进境植物种苗实验室检测鉴定人员，至少5名。
检测鉴定专业技术人员应具备植物种苗有害生物常规形态学检测鉴定能力，具有3年以上植物检疫工作经验，或具有植物检疫相关专业硕士以上学历。
应特别具有从事真菌、病毒、细菌、线虫等病害的专门检测人员，并掌握运用分子生物学检测方法。
3. 仪器设备：实验室应具有常规形态鉴定所需仪器设备，主要包括生物显微镜、体视显微镜、超净工作台、振荡培养箱、人工气候培养箱、生物安全柜、高压灭菌锅、冰箱、离心机、电子分析天平等；同时还要具备开展分子生物学检测的常规仪器设备，主要包括PCR仪、荧光PCR仪、高速离心机、酶标仪、核酸蛋白仪、核酸浓缩仪、超低温冰箱（－80℃）、凝胶成像系统、电泳仪等。
三、隔离场圃
口岸附近1.5小时车程内具有通过资质认可的国家、专业或地方隔离检疫圃，具备对进境种苗进行隔离检疫的条件。
四、其他
符合总局规定的其他要求。